Production of arsenic imprinted magnetic nanoparticles

Arsenic (As) (atomic number 33) has a single stable isotope with 74.9 relative mass units in the environment. Arsenic has 4 oxidation states with -3, 0, +3 and +5. In general, inorganic arsenic compounds are more toxic than organoarsenic ones. Their salts are called arsenites [As (III)] and arsenates [As (V)], respectively. As (III), the most toxic form of the Arsenic, is also the most common form in the water. Arsenic can cause destructive effects on the skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular, reproductive, digestive, nervous and immune system. Inorganic arsenic has been categorized as a registered carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In the European Union, the maximum acceptable arsenic concentration in drinking water was determined to be 10 μg/L (98/83 / EC). EPA recommends an arsenic limit of 5 μg/L in drinking water. In 2005, the Arsenic Concentration permitted in drinking water was reduced to 50 μg/L (10 μg/L) (R.G. date: 17.02.2005 and number: 25730) in the new regulation with the "Regulation on Waters for Human Consumption" in 2005. The arsenic limit was determined as 10 μg/L in TS 266: 2005 "Drinks of water for Human Consumption" published by the Turkish Standards Institute (TSE). Molecular imprinting technique aims to regulate functional monomers around a mold molecule with covalent or non-covalent interactions and then to form solid materials with a chemical function with an appropriate processing process. By removing the mold molecule after the process, hollow regions specific to the mold molecule are formed and an ideal material is obtained for the processes such as separation, chemical determination, and catalysis. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are polymers that are highly physically and chemically stable to external influences. In molecular repression, the large size of the particles leads to the formation of depressed regions in the interior. This creates difficulties in removing the molecule from the structure and poses a problem that reduces the adsorption capacity and speed. Nanotechnology offers solutions to these problems of molecular suppression. One of the most accepted of these solutions is the surface of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have a high surface area/volume ratio and can be significantly enhanced by surface modification of nanoparticles with potentially different molecules. In practice, the use of magnetic materials depends on their properties such as magnetism, morphology, shape, size, polydispersity. They provide advantages in terms of ease of use, whether intermittent or continuous separation. Magnetic separation techniques have a number of advantages when compared to standard separation techniques. All steps of separation can only be performed in one test tube. The separation can be carried out directly on raw samples containing suspended solid material. In this work, it is aimed to prepare magnetic nanoparticles with magnetic grain size to effectively separate the arsenic from aqueous solution and surface waters. The prepared ion-suppressed magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by zeta size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, NMR, Raman and Elemental analysis methods. Arsenic-imprinted magnetic nanoparticles have been used to remove arsenic ions from aqueous media. Factors affecting adsorption (ion concentrations, pH, temperature, competitor ion, etc.) were examined to optimize the conditions required for arsenic removal. The As(III) and As(V) ion concentrations were determined by an interactive coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) method. The removal of As(III) and As(V) ions from natural water samples was carried out at the end of the study.