Removal of flame retardant addi̇ti̇ves from wastewater by conventional and advanced oxi̇dati̇on methods

Due to the toxic effects of flame retardant additives, which are widely used around the world, on the environment and human health, various methods have been used to appropriately purify these chemicals and positive results have been obtained. In this study, the removal of TCEP and antimony, which are the most commonly used flame retardants, from wastewater was studied. Treatment studies were carried out using traditional methods such as coagulation/flocculation, adsorption and advanced oxidation processes in the treatment of wastewater. Within the scope of the studies, thermal power plant fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (DK); were used as coagulants and adsorbents and the effects of these ashes on the removal of flame retardants were investigated. In studies conducted for the removal of TCEP and Sb at concentrations of 1 g/L, TCEP was obtained as 67.26% with bottom ash at pH 9 and Sb as 99.96% with fly ash at pH 3 in coagulation/flocculation processes. In adsorption studies conducted for TCEP and Sb, the best removal was obtained as 71% for TCEP in fly ash at 25°C and pH 3 and 99.72% for Sb at 25°C and pH 7. In advanced oxidation processes conducted for the removal of TCEP, the best removal conditions were obtained as 72% in conditions where antimony and fly ash were used as catalysts. As a result of the studies, it was found that the methods used provided high removal efficiency in antimony removal, but although the treatment methods used for TCEP gave promising results, research needs to be carried forward to increase the efficiency