Securitization of international migration within the frame of far-right parties in Europe: France and Hungary examples

With the end of the Cold War, the modification, and transmutation of the international system have abolished the concept of security from its parochial and limited pattern. Meanwhile, it has broadened with the contribution of the Copenhagen School and the "Securitization Theory" along with critical security approaches. It has provided that the subordinates in the field of "low politics", which were not in the priority domains of the states in the past, are as substantial as the subjects in the field of "high politics". The phenomenon of international migration is also significant concerning one of the instances of this transmutation. International migration was initially encouraged by several European countries to procurement to their labor wills. However, over some time, international migration initiated to have appeared as a potential threat to security. Therefore, it has been endeavored to be prevented by European countries. To clarify, the phenomenon of migration, which is apart from the political sphere of states, is comprised in the political sphere and politicized, and then secured. Thus, it has become vital to the international security cause that poses a threat to the security of today's international system. The phenomenon of international migration has initiated to be securitized by far-right parties in Europe, exclusively after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. The message "We are under threat" by these parties was introduced to the bystanders as the main reason for the insecurity in the European countries. This situation reached its peak with the wave of migration to the European countries following the refugee crisis. The far-right parties have been on the promotion in terms of elector support over the migration and anti-immigrant dissent after September 11. They are securitizing international migration pertaining to national and social security through pervasive discourses that immigrants disrupt the homogeneous structure of the European society and increase unemployment and crime rates. Concurrently, they succeed in integrating the masses who are inconvenient with these problems. In this study, the securitization of international migration within the framework of far-right parties in Europe is discussed through examples of France and Hungary.