The fermentation of West Africa cereal-based milk product Degue and antibiotic resistance determination of isolated lactic acid bacteria

In this study, the cereal based product Degue was produced in Turkey following lab conditions were examined and some parameters like the pH and the microbiological quality were determined. Total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), total mesophile aerob bacteria (TMAB), aerob spore bacteria, Enterococcus bacteria, total yeast, total coliform and Escherichia coli numbers were determined in the samples. According to the results obtained, the pH of Degue produced lab conditions varies between 4,08 and 4,64 during storage. The results of microbiology analyses obtained from the experiments indicated that the numbers of total LAB, TMAB, Enterococcus bacteria, total yeast and total coliform varies from 4.77 to 7.70 log cfu/g; 4,04 to 6.33 log cfu/g; from 3.52 to 3,61 log cfu/g; from 4.38 to 7.16 log cfu/g and from 0 to 1.77 log MPN/g respectively for the samples. Neither aerob spore bacteria nor Escherichia coli has been detected in Degue. In order to identify the total LAB and yeast, the microorganisms were firstly isolated then subjected to gram staining and catalase test. 20 strains of total LAB isolates with catalase negative and Gram positive properties and 10 strains of yeast were selected and stored at -20 ° C in eppendorf tubes with 60% glycerin. VITEK 2 (Biomerieux) compact device was used for the identification of these bacteria. As a result of the Vitek 2 compact analysis, the isolates were determined to be included in Pediococcus (30%), Leuconostoc (25%), Enterococcus (40%) and Streptococcus (5%) species. For the yeast isolates Candida kefyr (50%), Cryptococcus albidus (10%) and Rhodotorula glutinis (40%) were found. The antibiotic resistance of the total LAB investigated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. According to the results obtained, While Pediococcus isolates were determined resistant to vancomycin (100%), tetracycline (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%) and chloramphenicol (66.67%), these isolates were found susceptible or intermediate to rifampicin (100%), gentamicin (100%), ampicilin (66.67%) and erythromycin (66.67%). As regards to Leuconostoc, while resistant to vancomycin (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), gentamicin (60%) and tetracycline (20%) were determined, were found susceptible to chloramphenicol (100%), rifampicin (60%), ampicilin (80%) and erythromycin (60%). Enterococcus isolates were found resistant to gentamicin (87.5%), rifampicin (75%), erythromycin (25%) and ciprofloxacin (50%), whereas isolates were sensitive to ampicilin (87.5%), vancomycin (75%), chloramphenicol (62.5%) and tetracycline (62.5%).