Researches on the determination of vegetative and generative characteristics of some varieties of almond grafted on different rootstocks in Batman

This study was carried out in order to determine the vegetative and generative properties of some almond varieties grafted on different rootstocks in Batman province and to determine the shading effect of dolomite sprayed on trees in summer when high temperatures are seen. Ferragnes and Ferraduel grafted on GF 677 and Garnem rootstocks planted in the experimental area at 5x5 m intervals in 2018. To determine the morphological development of Guara and Avola almond varieties grafted on GF 677 rootstock with a distance of 5x5 m in 2019, sapling length (cm), sapling stem diameter (mm), shoot length (cm), shoot diameter (mm), crown height (cm), crown width (cm) was measured after leaf drop. The varieties showed similar morphological development. In the evaluation of the varieties according to the rootstocks, it was determined that the varieties grafted to the Garnem rootstock in the first years came to the fore in terms of morphological development in the last year. In order to determine its phenological characteristics, bud swelling, bud burst, beginning of flowering, full bloom, end of flowering, foliation and autumn defoliation dates were followed. Among the full bloom varieties, the second week of March in 2019 and the third week of 2020 took place. It has been observed that the varieties are on the same dates. No flowering was observed in Avola and Guara varieties. In order to determine the physiological effects of dolomite applied in two different doses of 2.5% and 5% in the form of spray to trees in June and August 2020, leaf proportional water content (%), electrolyte leakage (%), leaf surface temperature (° C), chlorophyll content ( chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid mg g-) were measured 15 days after the applications. 2.5% dose of dolomite application gave effective results for shading on cultivars.