Qualitative analysis of some urinary system (kidney and gall bladder) stones using the x-ray powder diffraction method

In this study, six kidney and three gall bladder stones, from nine different patients, were qualitatively analyzed by using X-ray powder diffraction method. Powder diffraction patterns of the samples were taken by Rigaku XRD diffractometer DMAX III C at 40 kV, 30 mA, 0.08/12° / sec scanning speed, room temperature and with copper ?(CuK?) =1.54182 Å radiation. By using Hanawalt method, the data obtained from powder diffraction patterns of the samples were examined to find qualitatively different phases. As a result there are four different phases founded which are Calcium Oxalate Hydrate (Whewellite) (CaC2O4.H2O), Ergosterol (C28H44O), Potassium Nickel Nitrite (K4Ni(NO2)6) and Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3).