Determination of resistance genes against BCMV (bean common mosaic virus), BGYMV (bean golden yellow mosaic virus) ve CTV (curly top virus) by molecular methods in some local bean lines and varieties

Among legumes, bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most grown type in the world and it is reported that it covers 75% of pulses production. Serious economic losses are experienced due to viral diseases in the production of beans from legumes, which are widely used in our country and in the world and are among the basic nutrients. Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV), Bean Golden Yellow Mosaic Virus (BGYMV), and Curly Top Virus (CTV) are viral diseases that are common in bean production areas and cause significant yield losses. In the fight against viral bean diseases, although chemical drugs are widely used today, it is seen that this method is not both economical and healthy. An effective, healthy, and practical alternative control method against these disease agents is the use of naturally resistant varieties through breeding studies. There are different resistance genes identified against bean viral agents. Molecular markers used in the detection of resistance genes in plants are also widely used in today's breeding studies. In this study, SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) molecular markers (SBD5, Q14, ROC11, SAS8, elf4E, SW12, SG6, SW13, SR2) genes for resistance to diseases caused by BCMV, BGYMV, and CTV in thirty-seven different native bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines and cultivars. was investigated using Phaseolus vulgaris species was used as the control group (outgroup). DNA isolations from plants were made by the classical CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) method. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplifications performed separately for each resistance gene marker were run on a 1.3% agarose gel containing Ethidium Bromide and digitally visualized. According to PCR amplification results, the resistance gene status of different bean lines and cultivars was determined. It is predicted that the data obtained from the study will contribute to the breeding of bean varieties resistant to viral diseases in our country and in the world and will be an important database.