Bektashism and the understanding of individual and society in Hacı Bektaş Veli's Besmele Tefsiri-Makalat

Hacı Bektaş Veli (1209-1270) is a mystic who was born in the city of Nişabur in Horasan, received his education and spiritual training here, and later came to Anatolia as a light in terms of Turkish language, Turkish culture and Islamic culture, and is accepted as the patriarch of the Bektashi order. In study, the life of Hacı Bektaş Veli, his works, his understanding of thought and religion, and his view of humanity were tried to be determined by examining various sources. By examining the socio-cultural characteristics of the geography in which Hünkâr lived in the 13th century, the effects of sectarian movements on Bektashism were tried to be determined. The studies on the works attributed to Hacı Bektaş Veli were discussed, and information was given about the sect and institutionalization periods of Bektashism, its customs and traditions. In study, one of the important works that are thought to belong to Hünkâr, Besmele Tefsiri and Makâlât, were examined in terms of Hünkâr's individuality and society. These works are discussed in terms of what kind of characteristics the individual should have in the thought of Hacı Bektaş Veli, his behavior, his place in the society and its impact on the society. Hacı Bektaş Veli, who reflects the understanding of Sufism to these works by writing his works in the light of the Qur'an and Hadith, emphasizes the human, society, science, morality and tolerance in these works.