Assesment of Riva stream (İstanbul) water quality by using benthic macroinvertebrates and some physico-chemical parameters

Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected between March 2018 to January 2019 with seasonal sampling at five stations of Riva Stream (Istanbul). 12028 individuals belonging to 96 taxa were determined: Platyhelminthes [(Dugesia sp.; Platyhelminthes)], Annelida [(Aulodrilus limnobius Bretscher, 1899; Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny, 1826); Lumbricidae; Enchytraeus buchholzi Vejdovský, 1879; Henlea perpusilla Friend, 1911; Henlea ventriculosa d'Udekem, 1854; Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758); Hirudinea; Homochaeta naidina Bretscher, 1896; Limnodrilus claparedeanus Ratzel, 1868; Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède, 1862; Limnodrilus profundicola Verril, 1871; Limnodrilus udekemianus Claparède, 1862; Limnodrilus sp.; Naidinae; Nais sp.; Ophidonais serpentina Müller, 1773; Potamothrix hammoniensis (Michaelsen, 1901); Pristina sp.; Psammoryctides albicola (Michaelsen, 1901); Psammoryctides deserticola (Grimm, 1877); Psammoryctides sp.; Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdovsky, 1875); Stylaria lacustris Linnaeus, 1767; Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774); Tubificinae; Uncinais uncinata (Ørsted, 1842); Vejdovskyella intermedia Bretscher, 1896)], Bivalvia [(Pisidium amnicum (Müller, 1774); Pisidium casertanum (Poli, 1791); Sphaerium corneum Linnaeus, 1758)], Gastropoda [(Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843); Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758); Gyraulus albus (Müller, 1774); Physella acuta (Draparnaud, 1805)], Crustacea [Asellus aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758); Potamon sp.; Gammaridae], Ephemeroptera (Baetis sp.; Cloeon sp.; Caenis sp.; Heptagenia sp.), Odonata [(Ischnura elegans Vander Linden, 1820; Gomphus sp.; Ophiogomphus cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785), Orthetrum brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837); Platycnemis pennipes (Pallas, 1771)], Hemiptera (Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758; Corixa sp.; Gerridae), Coleoptera [(Bagous sp.; Dytiscus sp.; Elodes sp.; Gyrinus sp.; Hydrophilus sp.; Hygrotus sp.; llybius sp.; Noterus clavicornis (De Geer, 1774); Paracymus sp.; Plateumaris sp.], Trichoptera (Glossosomatidae; Helicophysche sp.; Hydropyhsche sp.; Hydroptilidae), Diptera [(Ablabesmyia sp.; Atrichopogon sp.; Bezzia sp.; Chironomus (Chironomus) plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758); Chironomus (Chironomus) riparius Meigen, 1804; Chironomus tentans Fabricius, 1805; Chrysopilus sp.; Dixa sp.; Endochironomus albipennis (Meigen, 1830); Eukiefferiella brevicalcar (Kieffer, 1911); Halocladius fucicola (Edwards, 1926); Kiefferulus (Kiefferulus) tendipediformis (Goetghebuer, 1921); Micropsectra radialis Goetghebuer, 1939; Micropsectra sp.; Microtendipes chloris (Meigen, 1818); Paratanytarsus lauterborni (Kieffer, 1909); Paratanytarsus sp.; Paratrichocladius sp.; Polypedilum (Polypedilum) nubeculosum (Meigen, 1804); Polypedilum (Polypedilum) pedestre (Meigen,1830); Polypedilum sp.; Procladius (Holotanypus) sp.; Prodiamesa olivacea (Meigen, 1818); Psychoda sp.; Rhypholophus sp.; Simulium sp.; Tabanus sp.; Tanypus (Tanypus) punctipennis Meigen, 1818; Tanypus sp.; Tipula sp.)]. During sampling, various physico-chemical parameters values [depth (cm), width (cm), flow rate (m/s), water temperature (oC), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), pH, electrical conductivity (μS/cm), salinity (ppm), TP (μg/L), o-PO4 (μg/L), NH4-N (mg/L), NO2-N (μg/L), NO3-N (mg/L), AKM (g/L)] were calculated. The biological data obtained within the scope of the study were evaluated with the biotic and diversity indexes by Asterics 3.01 (AQEM, 2002) program. Results of BMWP (Biological Monitoring Working Party), ASPT (Average Score Per Taxon), BBI (Belgian Biotic Index), EPT-Taxa[%], SDI (Simpson's), Evenness and Margalef diversity indexes were calculated. As a result of the study, Spearman Correlation Matrix (p value <0.001), Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS) were applied to the data set by the R statistical program. By using the Past Statistics Program (version 4.02), the similarity of sampling stations according to species composition was shown.