Analyzes of energy generation performances of different maximum power point tracking architectures in building integrated photovoltaic systems for partial shading cases

With the decline of fossil fuels, interest in renewable energy is increasing. Electricity generation, temperature, shading, etc. for photovoltaic (PV) systems. affected by factors. In order to increase efficiency in PV systems, it should be noted that the system operates at the maximum power point (MPP). Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm was used as the MPP tracking (MPPT) method. Simulation studies in MATLAB/SIMULINK include central, module-based and sub-module-based MPPT for partial shading. In the case of partial shading in the central MPPT architectural simulation study, more than one MPP occurred in the P-V curve of the PV system. The P&O algorithm remained in the local MPP in some cases and the PV system produced less power. The module-based MPPT operates independently on each PV module, providing more power and a single MPP in the module's P-V curve. In the submodule MPPT architecture, each PV module is designed to have three submodules, and all submodules are designed independently. Although more sensitive MPPT to module-level MPPT has been realized in submodule-based MPPT, the number of DC-DC converters and control difficulty have increased. For the PV modules integrated on the roof of a bungalow type building, the power produced for different MPPT architectures was obtained in the sub-module-based MPPT, while the lowest power was obtained in the central MPPT. The study continued by examining the PV system's operation under normal conditions using central and module-based MPPT architecture with the scanning method. The results showed 93.94% efficiency for central MPPT architecture and 94.32% for module-based MPPT architecture.