Defining the parameters that will increase fire safety by evaluating the precautions of the existing fire safety in buildings

In this study, architectural design criteria have been determined in order to prevent fire in buildings, to reduce the spread of the resulting fire and to extinguish the fire in the shortest time and in the most undamaged way. There are many reasons why fires occur in buildings. This thesis aims to minimize the processes that cause fires by focusing on the design and construction stage of buildings. Active measures in buildings are elements that detect fire and aim to extinguish it as quickly as possible. Passive measures, on the other hand, are integrated into the building at the design stage of the building and serve to extend the time of the fire. All kinds of materials used in the building are in this category. A large part of the evacuation depends on passive measures. The way out is that everyone in the building is evacuated safely and as soon as possible at the time of the fire. The structural performance of the building is that it can withstand the effects of fire for a long time, that is, it minimizes the time of occurrence of fire. Reducing the spread is also to divide the building into compartments and prevent the fire in one section from spreading to other sections. These compartments can be positioned horizontally and vertically. Facade safety is also ensured by these compartments and their choice of materials. In order to design a building with fire safety, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the building, the user and the fire. Seeing them all as a whole positively affects the design process.