The effect of capsaicin on adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells

Stem cells are defined as the cells that have the ability to renew themselves, differentiate into other tissue cells and survive for a long time as source cells in living organs and tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adult mammals are multipotent stem cells that are readily and highly prevalent in mammals. Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-trans-6-none amid), the active ingredient of red hot chili pepper, (CAP) has an alkaloid structure. Red hot chili pepper, which has different uses nowadays, was initially used as a food additive. CAP has been used for its analgesic effect since the 19th century. It is currently being utilized in the research and pharmaceutical industry. In this thesis study; the effect of CAP on cell proliferation using Ki-67 antibody, phenotypic characterization with stem cell surface markers, cluster differentiation, CD90, CD105, CD45, and CD11b, and on cell survival using MTT test in mesenchymal stem cells obtained from rat adipose tissue at different doses and times. Positive immunoreaction of CD90 and CD105 and negative immunoreaction of CD11b and CD45 markers were determined in passage 3 cells that were obtained by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolation. At the same time, differentiation of osteoblast, chondroblast, and adipocyte in passage 3 cells were determined. Then, 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 µM CAP doses were applied to passage 3 MSC cells for 24 and 48 hours. The effect of CAP on the MSC properties of these cells was evaluated by immunoreactions of Ki-67, CD90, CD105, CD11b, and CD45 antibodies. Cellular survival upon CAP treatment was examined by MTT test. As a result; in adipose tissue-derived passage 3 mesenchymal stem cells, it was determined that CAP at 5, 10, and 25 µM CAP doses for 24 hours increased stem cell proliferation and stem cell survival without affecting the mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. However, it was determined that CAP at doses of 50 µM and above applied for 24 and 48 hours induced cellular differentiation while decreasing cell viability and proliferation.