Histological and scanning electron microscopic investigation of the digestive system of the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides)

The digestive system is responsible for the intake, conversion, absorption and removal of waste from the body in order to provide the necessary energy for the continuation of vitality and functions.. Although the poultry digestive system is similar to the mammalian digestive system in terms of basic structure and functions, it has some anatomical and histological differences. One of the most striking differences is the stomach, which is divided into glandular and muscular rather than a whole stomach. The aim of this study is to examine the histologically of the muscular and glandular stomach of the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides). This study was carried out with Chinese geese (Anser cygnoides) obtained from a private enterprise in Aksaray. In the study, 12 (6 male + 6 female) healthy adult Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) were used. Chinese Geese (Anser cygnoides) were injected intramuscularly with 10-12 mg/kg xylazine for premedication and 30-40 mg/kg for anesthesia (ketamine) intramuscularly. Then, tissue samples were taken from glandular stomach and muscular stomach. Each tissue was fixed for 24 hours in bottles containing 10% buffered formaldehyde, and then washed.Afterwards, the samples, which underwent routine histological tissue follow-up, were blocked in paraffin. The prepared paraffin blocks were cut with a thickness of 5-6 microns and examined microscopically using the Hematoxilen Eosin (HE) staining method. Tissues taken for examination by scanning electron microscopy were washed in phosphate buffer, then fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in acetone series and dried with a critical point dryer. Tissues placed on metal plates were coated with gold-palladium at a thickness of 18-20 nm in a sputter coater and examined under a LEO 440 scanning electron microscope. In our study, only circular smooth muscle fibers were observed in the tunica muscularis layer of glandular stomachs of Chinese geese (Anser cygnoides). At the same time, it was observed that the tunica submucosa in the muscular stomach wall of the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) had loose connective tissue characteristics. In this study, it was determined that the tunica muscularis in the muscular stomach wall of the Chinese goose (Anser cygnoides) consists of thick layers with a circular course on the inside and thinner layers with a longitudinal course on the outside in the parts of the musculature close to the duodenum; In the parts close to the glandular stomach, it was observed that it continued only in a circular manner and the longitudinal layer was replaced by the tunica submucosa. Keywords: Chinese geese, histology, ventriculus, proventriculus, SEM, Anser cygnoides