Effect of competition on serum iri̇si̇n and ampk levels and some muscle damage, stress markers and some biochemical parameters in javelin horses

Javelin is one of the historical and national equestrian team sports played on horses, which is considered to be the oldest of the Turkish equestrian sports, which is accepted as the epitome of bravery, courage and masculinity played by equestrian players to keep themselves fit. It is adipokine and myokine that can be evaluated in determining the performance level of horses due to its intense presence in the muscle and called as exercise hormone. AMPK, on the other hand, is an enzyme that plays a role in energy homeostasis, which is considered as a cellular energy sensor. This study was conducted to determine the effects of competition (resting state, pre-competition and post-competition) on serum irisin, AMPK, IL-6, GRP78, cortisol hormone levels and some biochemical parameters (glukocose, laktat, CK, CK-MB, üre, kreatinin, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, LDH, TK, TG, VLDL, LDL, HDL) horses participating in the javelin competition held in Bayburt. In this context, a total of 14 Arabian stallions aged between 4 and 10 were used in the study. Blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis from the horses included in the study during the two competition periods, in the resting state (H0), pre-competition (H1) and post-competition (H2) periods. Irisin, AMPK, IL-6, GRP78, cortisol hormone levels in blood serum samples were studied quantitatively by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were studied quantitatively by spectrophotometric method in Cobas 8000 autoanalyzer. The serum obtained from the blood samples taken was stored at -80 °C. The statistical evaluation of the data was evaluated using the IBM SPSS v25 program. The non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H test (IL-6, CK) was used to determine the differences between repeated measurements, and the one-way ANOVA test (Irisin, AMPK, GRP78, CK-MB) was used in the groups with normal distribution. It was determined at the 0.05 level. When the study groups were examined, an increase was observed in the mean serum irisin, IL-6, GRP78, cortisol, CK, CK-MB values compared to the values of the H2 periods in the E1 and E2 competitions of the horses in the JA and JB groups compared to the values in the H0, H1 periods TC, TG, LDL, VLDL values were decreased (p<0.05). As a result, serum irisin, AMPK, IL-6, GRP78, glukoz, laktat, CK, CK-MB, üre, kreatinin, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, LDH, TK, TG, VLDL, LDL, HDL levels have been revealed. Measurement of irisin hormone level, the effect of exercise; We think that AMPK, evaluation of exercise-induced energy regulation, GRP78, determination of exercise-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress level, IL-6,CK, CK-MB may contribute to the evaluation of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, it has been concluded that more comprehensive and molecular studies are required in this area, and that exercise hormone irisin, cellular energy sensor AMPK, muscle damage markers IL-6, CK parameters can be useful in the selection, effectiveness and performance evaluation of exercise and training programs.