Serum adenosine deaminase levels in COVİD-19 patients

Objective: This study was made to investigate the usability of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) level as a biochemical and prognostic marker in COVID-19 patients and to compare it with some other hematological and biochemical parameters routinely used for this purpose. Method: Our study was composed of a patient group consisting of 31 individuals who were admitted to Çorum Chest Diseases Hospital and diagnosed with COVID-19 and a control group consisting of 30 healthy volunteer individuals. The patient group was divided into three subgroups; the uncomplicated patient group (UPG), the mild-moderate pneumonia patient group (MMPPG), and the severe pneumonia patient group (SPPG). In serum samples taken within 48 hours after the first RT-PCR test that was found positive, serum ADA levels were studied in all groups and subgroups. Lymphocyte count in hemogram, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer and ferritin level were measured with serum ADA level simultaneously. Age, gender, comorbidity of the individuals and vaccination records were taken. The course of the disease was followed in the individuals in the patient group. Serum ADA levels were determined by modifying the colorimetric method developed by Giusti and Galanti. Findings: A total of 61 individuals were included in our study, and no significant difference was found between all groups and subgroups in terms of serum ADA levels. On the other hand, lymphocyte count, NLR, CRP, D-dimer and ferritin values were found to be significantly different between COVID-19 and the control group (p<0.001). This difference was also observed among the COVID-19 subgroups. Again, a significant correlation was found between comorbidity, vaccination status, hematological and biochemical values expressing risk in COVID-19 patients and the UPG, MMPPG, SPPG patient subgroups (Sig.<0.001). Results: Through the data we've collected by our study, it was concluded that serum ADA levels can not be used as an inflammatory and prognostic marker in COVID-19 patients during the initial period.