Effects of the covid 19 pandemic on sectors, employment and working life

In this study, it is aimed to discuss how the Covid-19 Pandemic affects the global economy through sectors, employment and business and working life. For this purpose, major epidemics in the historical process and their economic effects were primarily examined. As a result of this review, which provides a theoretical structure, and with the contribution of the literature on the Covid-19 Pandemic we are in, how the Covid-19 Pandemic affects the global economy in the context of sectors and the effects and transformations it has created on employment and working life have been comprehensively discussed. The Covid-19 Pandemic, in addition to causing millions of casualties, has a feature that causes great losses to the country's economies and remains uncertain when it will end. It has had an impact on financial markets, tourism, industry-automotive, e-commerce, agriculture, supply chains, transportation-aviation, and health sectors, especially in the service sector. The legal restrictions and measures implemented by the country's administrators to reduce and prevent the effects of the virus caused contraction of the sectors and the economies to shrink. This situation has also negatively affected employment and unemployment, and has brought the obligation to switch to flexible working models in working life. In working life, remote/home working, tele (call) working, tele (part time) working models were applied, and the most preferred one was working from home/remote. The losses in the workforce affected the global markets negatively, unemployment increased, and young people, female workers, informal workers, seasonal workers, and vulnerable groups were most affected by this situation. The short-term or indefinite absence of employees in jobs where it is not possible to work from home or remotely caused more than 430 million job losses in 2020. However, with the use of digital technology in some sectors whose activities have been suspended, different working and employment models such as working from home have been introduced. This has had a reduction effect on working hours.