The relationship between analysis of hemogram and biochemistry parameters and disease severity in crohn's patients

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the role of hemogram and laboratory parameters and indices obtained from these parameters in predicting disease severity in Crohn's patients. Materials and Methods: In the study, 18 years of age and older who applied to the Gastroenterology outpatient clinic of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine were diagnosed with Crohn's disease clinically, endoscopically, histopathologically, radiologically and the information used to calculate the activity indexes in the hospital database can be accessed in full between by 01/01/2018-01/03/2023, 90 patients were included. Disease activity was determined using the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CHAI). Patients were divided into 4 groups according to their disease activity; CHAI <150 as clinical remission, 150-220 as mild, 220-450 as moderate-severe, and ˃450 as severe-fulminant. Hemogram and laboratory parameters of the patients and the indices obtained from them were calculated and the groups were compared. Results: The average age of the 90 patients included in the study was 41.53 ±14.36; 38 (42.2%) were women and 52 (57.8%) were men. According to the disease behavior type, 41 (45.5%) patients had inflammatory, 41 (45.5%) fistulizing, and 8 (9%) stenosing disease. The most common disease in patients was ileal involvement (43.3%). According to the CHAI, 37 (41.1%) of the patients were in clinical remission, 10 (11.1%) were in mild activity, and 43 (47.8%) were in moderate-vigorous activity. When the patient groups are compared according to CHAI, WBC, neutrophil, RDW, platelet, CRP, ESR increase in direct proportion to the severity of the disease; lymphocyte, Hb, Htc, MPV and albumin were decreasing inversely proportional to disease activity (p<0.05). When patients in remission and those with active disease were compared, an increase was detected in CRP/albumin, platelet/lymphocyte, neutrophil/lymphocyte, CRP/lymphocyte, platelet/albumin values (p<0.05). Conclusion: Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that progresses with remissions, relapses and exacerbations. Early recognition and treatment of the disease exacerbation is very important. It was found that the CRP/albumin, platelet/lymphocyte, neutrophil/lymphocyte, CRP/lymphocyte, platelet/albumin ratio increased in direct proportion to the severity of the disease. It may be useful to use these noninvasive indices as cost-effective inflammatory markers in the evaluation of disease severity and activation. Keywords: Crohn's disease, Crohn's Disease Activation Index, Harvey-Bradshaw Index, Hemogram Indices, Inflammation Indices