Clinical and laboratory features in vasculobehçet's patients with vascular complications and Behçet's patients without vascular complications

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate Behçet's disease patients who received outpatient or inpatient care in the clinics and wards of our institution. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with Behçet's disease between 2015 and 2024 at the Internal Medicine Clinics of Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters at the time of diagnosis, clinical features, and preferred diagnostic and therapeutic approaches were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In our study, vascular involvement was detected in 31.2% of Behçet's disease patients. The significantly higher prevalence of vascular involvement in males indicates that male sex is a strong risk factor for the vascular phenotype. The significantly elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels observed in the vascular involvement group suggest the presence of subclinical renal impairment. Moreover, the higher frequency of thrombocytosis (>400,000/mm³) supports a prothrombotic tendency in patients with vascular involvement. Conclusion: Male sex, thrombocytosis, and the presence of proteinuria should be considered risk factors for vascular involvement in Behçet's disease. Patients in this subgroup require more frequent clinical and laboratory monitoring, and vascular imaging should be planned at an earlier stage. Considering the association between neuro-Behçet's disease and vascular involvement, central nervous system imaging should be performed in patients presenting with headache, focal neurological deficits, or cognitive changes.