Dose depended effect of 2-apb in cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage and early brain injury in rats.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Cerebral vasospasm remains to be a serious problem that affects morbidity and mortality in patients with SAH in neurosurgery. Our study aimed to demonstrate the role of TRP channels of Ca++ in the etiology by using 2-APB and to determine the effective dose range of an unstudied pharmacological agent that can limit vasospasm. METHOD: Experimental study was performed in 32 Sprague-Dawley rats in 4 groups. Group 1: Sham (n=8), Group 2: SAH; blood drawn from right femoral artery was injected into cisterna magna. Group 3: 2APB 0.5 (n=8), SAH + intraperitoneal administration of 0.5mg/kg 2-APB. Group 4: 2APB2 (n=8), SAH + intraperitoneal administration of 2mg/kg 2-APB. Rats were sacrificed after 24 hours and SOD, GPx, MDA, TNF, IL1B was measured in the brain tissue and the serum. In the histopathological investigation of brain tissue, the diameter and wall thickness of basilar artery (BA) was measured, and apoptotic cells were counted in hippocampus after staining with Caspas method. RESULTS: Autologous arterial blood injection (SAH) into cisterna magna lead to vasospasm in rats. BA lumen diameter and wall thickness in rats, which received 2 mg 2-APB intraperitoneally, were comparable to those in rats without SAH. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal administration of 2-APB 2 mg/kg prevents vasospasm. We think that the role of TRP channels in the etiology of vasospasm may be more than expected. We think that 2APB has favorable effects and prevents vasospasm in experimental SAH model and further studies on this issue are warranted.