The design and preliminary testing of a liquid jet in subsonic crossflow test setup

Liquid jets injected into gaseous crossflows have been extensively investigated in the literature due to their wide range of applications, such as ramjet/scramjet fuel injectors, gas turbine combustors, and the agriculture industry. The available studies have mainly focused on investigating primary breakup regimes, jet trajectory, penetration, fracture length, droplet features, formation mechanisms, and droplet distribution in the liquid jet's far-field region at standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions. This work aimed to design and manufacture a test system to investigate the characteristics of liquid jets in subsonic crossflow at high temperature and standard pressure (HTSP) and high temperature and pressure (HTP) conditions. The test system was specifically designed to house high-speed shadowgraphy and Phase Doppler Particle Analysis (PDPA) measurement systems, and preliminary tests were conducted using the high-speed shadowgraphy system. Moreover, JP-10 was used as a test liquid of jet injected into gaseous crossflow, which was not used in the open literature before. In shadowgraphy tests, normalized values of jet penetration's length and height with jet diameter were measured and found to be between 38 and 124 and between 24.6 and 49.4, respectively, under 2 bar and 493.15 K crossflow conditions. An essential parameter for PDPA measurements, the attenuation coefficient for JP-10 was measured and found to be between 0.00871 and 0.0115 mm-1. The developed test system is a valuable contribution to TÜBİTAK SAGE's infrastructure, enabling more comprehensive studies about developing related propulsion systems in the near future.