Diplomacy and external relations of the European Union in the light of international relations theories

This thesis explores the complex dynamics of diplomacy and external relations of the European Union (EU) through the lens of international relations theories. Divided into three distinct parts, the study begins with an analysis of the EU's diplomatic institutions, shedding light on their structure, decision-making processes, and role in representing the Union on the international stage. This first part also examines recent developments in the EU's diplomatic practice, particularly regarding its ability to act autonomously in the field of foreign policy. The second part of the thesis focuses on the major theories of international relations and their relevance to understanding European diplomacy. By examining the realist, liberal, and constructivist perspectives, the study seeks to illuminate the motivations and strategies underlying the EU's diplomatic actions, as well as the challenges and opportunities it faces on the global stage. Finally, the third part of the thesis explores the EU's specific diplomatic functions across several dimensions. It examines the historical evolution of the Treaty of the European Union and its impact on the Union's diplomatic capabilities. Additionally, it analyses the relations between European member states and the United States, as well as the dynamics of trade and commercial engagements between the EU and its international partners. By combining an in-depth analysis of EU diplomatic practices with an understanding of international relations theories, this thesis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how the EU navigates the complex global landscape and how it utilizes diplomacy as a tool to promote its interests and values on the international stage.