Preparation and characterization of fibroin based modified scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

The biomaterials utilized in the manufacture of tissue scaffolds are one of the most essential aspects of Tissue Engineering (DM) research. Biopolymeric scaffolds provide in vitro cells with a three-dimensional artificial extracellular matrix. In this manner, they have a significant effect on the creation of tissue organoids of anatomical dimensions. The objective of this dissertation was to construct fibroin-collagen, fibroin-aloe vera, and fibroin-collagen-aloe vera composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and to study their applicability (CDM). In this regard, the biocompatibility qualities of the generated polymer-ceramic composite scaffolds were studied in accordance with ISO EN 10993, and their appropriateness as a biomaterial in DM was proven. Within the scope of the thesis, three distinct grafting reaction methods were evaluated, and the surface of fibroin was modified to increase its hydrophilicity. Subsequently, scaffolds with different component kinds (F/C, F/C/A, and F/A) were manufactured. While the second method utilized in the grafting reaction did not produce the desired result, scaffolds with varying component ratios were created utilizing the first and third methods. Physical and chemical analysis of the produced scaffolds revealed that the polymer composites 1F5C5, 1F6C4, 1F5C4A1, and 3F5K4A1 possessed adequate properties. For bone tissue engineering, these scaffolds were evaluated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. To stimulate mineralization, the culture medium was supplemented with SBF, and hydroxyapatite nucleation was accomplished through both chemical and cellular action. XRD, SEM-EDS, and Alizarin Red analyses of cellular samples revealed that 10%SBF supplementation led to the best mineralization. Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that 3F5C4A1 scaffolds had the highest osteogenic activity, but all four scaffolds may be employed for CDM with osteogenic induction and 10%SBF content