Comparison of implant-like cylindrical rods with four different surgical implant guides by 3D imaging methods

The purpose of implant treatment is to replace a missing tooth root. Implant placement is a surgical procedure. Many factors can affect implant success but one of them is the place of the implant which is also related with the experience of the operator. Eliminating surgical discomfort for the patient and misplacing possibility for the operators implant application guides are used world-wide. Guides are made of resin already. The aim of this study is to compare three filament-based materials and resin as a choice of material in guide production. In order to do that four main test groups are designed which are ABS, PET, PLA, and Resin. Three subgroups with 2 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm edge squares were created representing single crown, bridge restoration and totally edentulous mouth, respectively. Each subgroup has 10 samples and there are a total number of 120 samples. Linear deviations at the top and the apex of the implant and angular changes of the implants were observed. ABS, PET, and PLA were supplied from BASF 3D Printing Solutions GmbH and printed in Creality CR-10 v3. Resin guides were provided by Straumann. Each test subject was drilled by implant driver at 500 rpm 20 N/cm torque with irrigation. A pin (1,3mm in diameter and 27,95 mm in length) was placed into the socket scanned with NewTom CT. Statistical analyses were performed with NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) 2007 (Kaysville, Utah, USA) software. The results were evaluated at the significance level of p<0.05 and p<0.01. Best results were received in 10 cm group in linear and angular deviations. 2 cm groups are better in linear and angular deviations than 5 cm, but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant difference in the same size between different materials. PET generally gave better scores than the others while ABS did the worse.