The relationship between globalization and poverty in the world: A theoretical and empirical analysis

Particularly as a result of the neoliberal policies implemented after 1980, the globalization process, which has gradually increased its influence since the 1990s, has affected many countries and societies around the world with its enlarged coverage area. However, when the welfare data are examined in regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, which do not fully integrate into globalization, it is seen that compared to other regions, a large portion of the population cannot meet the basic water needs and access to the necessary health services. In this sense, it can be said that the positive effects of globalization are not felt at the same rate everywhere in the world. In this study, the relationship between globalization and poverty has been tried to be examined with the help of foreign trade movements and welfare data which is an indicator of poverty in parallel with globalization. The world is divided into 7 regions in order to examine and interpret welfare and trade data in more detail. The study consists of four parts. In the first part, the definitions of the concept of globalization in the literature have been examined and the historical analysis of globalization has been made. In the second part, the concept of poverty and the definitions made for this concept are explained and the perspectives of international institutions on poverty and their studies in this field are examined. In the third chapter, the relationship between globalization and poverty is examined and in which ways and how globalization affects the poverty in the world. In the fourth chapter, the globalization process is divided into two periods. Regional data on regional growth, exports and GDP per capita are analyzed by processing the data obtained from the official website of the WB. Key Words: Poverty, Globalization, Poverty Line, Exports, Foreign Direct Investment, Per Capita GDP.