Determination of vertical crustal deformations by kinematic model

SUMMARY Determination of Vertical Crustal Deformations by Kinematic Model The ideal case, in the geodetic determination of present vertical crustal movements, is dynamic models which are also containing the reason of the movements. However, generally, lack of enough information about effective forces which are causing the movements, is confined use of dynamic models. Therefore, in most cases, kinematic model which determines the movements as a function of time is applied. In order to determine with kinematic model present vertical crustal movements from repeated different periods of levelling datas, various techniques such as Holdahl point models, Hannover approach, Kalman-Filter technique or Holdahl curface models can suggest Main purpose of all these models are to determine the velocity of the movement of points and their acceleration by a function of time or the velocity surfaces as a continous function of time and position. In this study to be able to solve Holdahl model with direct solution method, the condition that the height values forming the input of the model and assumed to be adjusted values be equal to their values after the adjustment has been included in the model. Thus with this extended model a significant solution has been reached. Kalman- Filtering method, which enable determination of point movement parameters with a small number of observation period has proven to be the best. For the conputations, Hannover approach is the most suitable due to that it enables staged calculations with Holdahl models. Velocity surface has also been concluded that collocation surface model which taken into account local anomalies and random errors of pseude observations in the most appropriate velocity surface model. Key Words : Vertical crustal movements, velocity, acceleration, velocity surface, Kalman-Filter technique. vn