Effect of grafting method and time on grafting success in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Turkey has a very rich biodiversity in terms of ecologically. In this richness, forests have an important place in species and composition. Anatolian chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) is one of these is the only chestnut species naturally occurring in Turkey. Chestnuts are significantly threatened by fungal and cancer diseases, that is why generative or vegetative production and reproduction is important for them. Chestnuts are propagated by seed (generative) from natural forests. In addition to this, local people breed their racial characteristics from good individuals with both seed and vaccine. In this study, it was aimed to determine the most suitable vaccination time and vaccination method in two chestnut varieties (Marigoule and Erfelek) especially in Düzce in Western Black Sea Region. Within the scope of the study, two different varieties (Marigoule and Erfelek) and three different vaccination methods (Chip Eye, Whip Grafting and Splitting) were used in 6 different months (December, January, February, March, April and July) in two different environments (greenhouse and open area). Variance analysis (ANOVA) was applied in vaccine trials established according to factorial trial design. As a result, the spatial success of vaccines in the greenhouse environment was twice as high as the open area. Within the vaccine types, in all months (except in July), the whip grafting vaccine was the most successful, whereas in July only the Chip Eye vaccine was the most successful. The highest success was achieved in February followed by July in terms of months. According to the varieties is that is the variety of Marigoule (C.crenata x C.sativa) was more successful than Erfelek variety. Having in the vaccination with Whip Grafting vaccine is that 86% success was achieved in the Marigoule variety in February in greenhouse environment. The percent of 83% of the Marigoule cultivars were successfully harvested in July. According to this study, it is advisable to use Chip Eye and Whip Grafting vaccination for chestnut vaccination studies in Düzce region. February and July may be recommended in the greenhouse environment for the most appropriate vaccination studies. Especially in winter or spring periods, the vaccine success is higher in the greenhouse environment.