The effect of self-concept clarity on imposter phenomenon

The imposter phenomenon (IP) represents a psychological experience characterized by feelings of fraudulence and self-doubt despite evident success and competence. While considerable research has examined the dynamics and consequences of imposter phenomenon, limited attention has been given to the role of self-concept clarity (SCC) which refers to the degree of clarity and certainty about one's own beliefs, abilities, and identity, in shaping individuals' susceptibility to imposter feelings. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of self-concept clarity on imposter phenomenon in an experimental setting. We hypothesized that changes in SCC directly affect the levels of IP. Specifically, we expected that diminished SCC exacerbates IP, whereas enhanced SCC leads to decrease in IP. A total of 259 voluntary adults from the general population, aged 18 to 57, participated in the study. Firstly, participants were randomly assigned one of three SCC conditions (the threat condition, the confirmation condition, and the control group) and asked to complete the SCC manipulation questions. Then, Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) and Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS) were completed by all the participants. The findings supported our hypothesis and provided empirical validation for the proposed cause-and-effect relation between SCC and IP.