A multidimensional analysis of occupational health and safety perceptions of employees in the electricity distribution sector

The electricity distribution sector, classified as a high-risk industry, requires a systematic and holistic approach to occupational health and safety (OHS). This study aims to analyze employees' perceptions of safety culture, their attitudes toward OHS practices, and the relationships among these factors. Data were collected through surveys administered to 340 employees, and the construct validity and reliability of the scale were examined prior to testing factor structures and variable relationships. The findings revealed a three-dimensional structure of OHS perception: safety culture based on education and awareness, personal attitudes and behaviors, and experience-based implementation. The results also indicated that safety training significantly improves behavioral outcomes, while demographic factors such as education level, job title, and years of experience lead to varying effects on safety culture dimensions. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling demonstrated that safety behaviors exert the strongest influence on practical field implementation. Therefore, the study highlights the necessity of strengthening safety culture, improving training strategies, and promoting experience-driven OHS practices within the sector. The findings are expected to contribute to developing efforts aimed enhance overall OHS performance and employee safety in the electricity distribution industry.