Environmental and economic comparison of electrical energy production methods

Electricity has become a basic need in every moment of our daily life, in every environment where we spend our day. We benefit from electrical energy in heating, transportation, industry, lighting, communication and many other areas. With the increasing population in the world, urbanization, industrialization and constantly developing technological breakthroughs, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. In order to meet these increasing energy demands, fossil resources such as coal and natural gas are mainly used today. This situation causes a decrease in the known limited reserves of fossil resources. In addition, it causes economic difficulties and political tensions between countries for countries that do not have sufficient fossil energy resources. For these reasons, the tendency towards alternative energy sources, especially in electricity production, is increasing rapidly and new technologies are being developed. As an alternative to fossil fuel-based energy production, the most widely used method today is hydroelectric power plants. Apart from this, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, wave and nuclear power plants are also preferred as alternative methods. The interest in renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, which are among these methods, is increasing day by day. In this thesis study; Firstly, electrical energy production methods are explained in detail. Then, in the light of the data in the literature, the environmental effects of these methods were emphasized and the installation costs were examined.