The comparison of some physical features of the elite degree sportsmen who deal withathleticism and cross country skiing

The rapid developments in science and technology in recent years have contributed to the development of this science by influencing the sports sciences at the highest level. In recent years, the success of the athletes on the basis of the success of the scientific development of the athletes by contributing to each other has been more efficient and successful. These fields of science are in the field of medicine, in the field of training science, physiological and psychological areas, in the field of talent selection and in the field of materials science. It is a common result of planning the scientific periods of the long preparation periods, ensuring that the competition period is spent in the most efficient way and achieving the targeted success, and getting the fastest way after the competition and focusing on the next goal.The use of new scientific and technological information in preparation, competition and post-competition periods helps athletes to achieve their highest performance. It is a must for athletes to benefit from these innovations during the training and competition periods in order to achieve success in international competitions. In this period, where athletics and skiing are gaining popularity in the world, studies on these two sports branches due to their physical and physiological effects on performance are important in terms of improving the performances of athletes in our country and gaining success in the In this study, athletes and skiing national teams and various sports clubs, training and participating in regular sports competitions of girls and boys athletes were identified as the universe of work. A total of 31 volunteer athletes (16 male, 15 female) with at least 10 years of sports history and athletics and skiing national teams participated in the study. The athletes were given detailed information about the tests before the measurements were made. The measurements were categorized as such. A comparison of women (women's athletes) on the basis of branch, comparison of men (men's athletes- men's skiers) on a branch basis is arranged to compare the athletes on a branch basis (women's, men's skiers and women's and men's athletes). When all the studies for the physical characteristics of the athletes (male and female) and athletes (female-male) who participated in the study were examined according to the level of significance, all studies conducted for the physical characteristics of the sports branch and the age, height and weight averages were examined. No significant difference was found between the mean averages. A significant difference was observed between the weight averages. (P, 013 <, 050). It was observed that the average weight of the skiing athletes was higher than the athletic athletes. When the relationship between paw force right, paw force left and back force was examined, no significant difference was found between paw force right and paw force left averages. Significant difference was observed between back force averages (p:, 024 <, 050), the back strength of the athletes was higher than the athletic athletes. When the relationship between the right hand, the reaction left hand (against the light) and the reaction sound (the best result of the two hands against the sound) was examined, there was no significant difference between the averages of the reaction time (which was the least successful in the reaction). Significant difference was observed between the mean flexibility. (P, 030 <, 050). The athletic athletes have higher flexibility than the athletes. When the relationship between durability (800m female, 1500m male), wingate anaerobic power test (30sec) and 50m swiftness test (sec) was examined, there was no significant difference between durability, wingate anaerobic power test and 50 mt quickness test average. Although there were no significant differences, the wingate averages of skiing individuals were higher than those of athletic athletes, and the speed and endurance of athletic athletes (800 mt-1500 mt) were higher than the ones doing skiing. (more successful with high maximal value in wingate anaerobic power test, less successful time in durability and quickness test). When the relationship between body fat content (%), lean mass (kg) and body fluid amount (lt) was examined, no significant difference was found. Body fat (kg) (p:, 036 <, 050), fat-free dry mass (kg) (p:, 041 <, 050) and body fluid (%) (p:, 016 <, 050) are significant It was found. The body fat (kg) and fat-free dry mass (kg) of the individuals doing skiing were higher than the athletic athletes and the body fluid (%) of the athletic athletes were higher than the ones who made ski. In the comparison of women's sports branch, when all the studies were examined according to p <, 05 significance level, when the relationship between age, height and weight averages of female athletes and female athletes were examined, no significant difference was found between age and height length averages. Significant difference was observed between the mean weight of individuals (p:, 012 <, 050). The average weight of the athletes who do skiing is higher than the athletes doing athletics. Female skier athletes and female athlete athletes in the right paw (kg), paw strength left (kg), when the average of the difference is not observed, between the average back strength (p:, 001 <, 050) was observed that there is a significant difference. It was observed that the right paw force, left paw force and back force averages of women who do ski sport were higher than those of athletics. It was observed that there was no significant difference in reaction between the right hand, reaction left hand (against the light), reaction sound (two hands against sound, the best result) and flexibility averages. Although there is no significant difference in the reaction between the right hand, reaction left hand and reaction sound averages (the success time of the reaction is less successful) is better than the female athletics, the athletics sports women It was observed that the women who do sports are higher than the individuals. There was no significant difference between the averages of athletes and women athletes and the wingate anaerobic power test (30s) and the 50 mt swiftness test (sec). A significant difference was found between the mean strength values (p:, 010 <, 050). Although there was no significant difference other than endurance, wingate averages and 50mt quickness test of the women who do skiing were higher than those who made athletic sports, and the average strength of the athletic athletes (800mt) was higher than the ones doing skiing. (Wingate anaerobic power test is more successful with higher maximal value, less successful time in durability and quickness test). Body fat content (%), lean mass (kg), body fluid content (lt), body fat (kg), fat-free dry mass (kg) and body fluid (%) examined, the body fat ratio (%), lean There was no significant difference between the mass (kg) and body fluid amount (lt). Body fat (kg) (p:, 029 <, 050), fat-free dry mass (kg) (p:, 040 <, 050), and body fluid% (p:, 007 <, 050), significant difference between the average body fat (kg), fat-free dry mass (kg) average of athletes doing athletics sports athletes, athletes who athletics athletes are higher than women athletes body liquid% skiing are observed. Although there is no significant difference, female athletes have higher body fat content, fat-free mass (kg) and body fluid (lt) than women who do athletics. When all the studies were examined according to the significance level of p <, 05, when the age, height and weight averages of skier male athletes and athletic male athletes were examined, there was no significant difference between age and height averages. It was observed that there was a significant difference between the mean weight of the male athletic athletes who made skiing and athletics (p:, 041 <, 050). It has been observed that the average weight of male athletes doing skiing is higher than that of athletic athletes. When the relationship between paw strength right (kg), paw force left (kg), and back force averages of male athletes and athletics male athletes were examined, the relationship between paw force right (kg), paw strength left (kg) averages, back force There was a significant difference between the mean values (p:, 017 <, 050). Significant difference other than back force Although it is not observed, the right paw strength and left paw power averages of male skiing men were observed to be higher than the male athletes. It was observed that there were no significant differences between male athletes and athletics male athletes in the reaction of the right hand, reaction left hand (against the light), reaction sound (taking the best result from two hands against the sound) and the average of flexibility. Although there is no significant difference in the reaction between the right hand, reaction left hand and reaction sound averages (which are more successful at least in the reaction period) are higher than the male athletic athletes, the flexibility of male athletics is higher than that of male athletes it is observed. There was no significant difference between wingate anaerobic power test (30sec) and 50tm quickness test (s) averages between skiing male athletes and athletics male athletes individuals durability 1500mt, wingate anaerobic power test (30sec) and 50 mt quickness test (sec), There was a significant difference in the significance level between 1500mt averages (p:, 000 <, 050). The wingate averages of skiing male athletes were higher than those who made athletic sport, and the mean (1500mt) and 50mt quickness test scores of the athletic athletes were higher than those who made skiing. which is more successful). Body fat content (%), fat-free mass (kg), body fluid content (lt), body fat (kg), fat-free dry mass (kg) and body fluid%, body fat ratio (%), body fat ( kg), body fluid (%) and body fluid amount (lt) there is no significant difference between the average of lean mass (kg) (p:, 048 <, 050), oil-free dry mass (kg) (p:, 044 <, 050 It was observed that there was a difference in the level of significance between the averages. It was observed that the fat-free mass (kg) and non-fat dry mass (kg) average of the athletes engaged in skiing were higher than the athletic athletes. The athletes engaged in athletics were found to have a high percentage (%) of body fluid percentage (%) of the body athletes. Although there is no significant difference, male athletes have higher body fat, body fluid amount (lt) than men who do athletics, and athletic athletes have higher body fat (%) and body fluid (%) mean than male athletes. Test results; According to the branches of athletes, athletics (male-female), ski (male and female) and athletes (female skiers and female athletes) and male (male skiers and male athletes) as a separate comparison, flexibility, durability, speed, quickness, reaction, The difference between body fat percentage, wingate and body mass index values is important. Generally, athletes have better values in terms of strength, flexibility and some values of body mass index than skiers; The results show that the skiers have better results in terms of reaction, back strength, claw force, wingate, velocity and body mass index than some athletes. These results; scientific long-term and planned intensive work shows that physical fitness for sports has an effect on flexibility, endurance, speed and quickness, reaction and anthropometric properties. As a result, making sports in scientific way and preparing for competitions makes it easier to reach goals.