Possible effects of industry 4.0 on employment and unemployment in Turkey and the world

Human beings have continued their lives with technology since its existence. Although technology tends to make people's lives easier throughout history, it has been at times that made it difficult from time to time. Especially the period in which the working life and technology started to go side by side is the 1st Industrial Revolution period. The discovery of the steam engine and its usage in production process caused an era to close and a new era to begin. With the rapid development of technology, the second and third industrial revolution have come to the fourth of the industrial revolutions that have taken place today. This period, which was called the 4th Industrial Revolution for the first time at the Hannover Fair in Germany in 2011, has profoundly affected social life and working life, just like other industrial revolutions, and has begun to transform working life into a completely different structure. Although it has been only nine years since its announcement, the fact that the works that do not need a qualification today are under the influence of automation, causes serious fear in people. "Will robots take our jobs?" It is not right to match the effects of Industry 4.0 on working life and employment just with this fear. The effects of Industry 4.0 on employment and working life are very comprehensive. Although there are three main opinions about the effects of Industry 4.0 on working life in the literature, countries need to manage and adapt the Industry 4.0 process very well in order to maintain and improve their competitiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to turn the effects of Industry 4.0 on working life into positive with the policies to be followed. Within the scope of this thesis, what these effects are is evaluated over five countries. While evaluating the education level, technological infrastructure and development levels of these countries examined first then the employment structures were evaluated and it was discussed how Industry 4.0 changed the employment structure of the countries. Turkey as a developing country and the other four countries which are successful in Industry 4 have been evaluated with making a comparison. The developments which should followed by Turkey to be successful in Industry 4 and create new employment areas have been evaluated.