Endüstriyel atık suların arıtımı için hurma ağacından elde edilen aktif karbon liflerinin üretimi

This study aims to produce activated carbon fibers (ACFs) due to the implementation of the experiment in the State of Iraq and the fact that Iraq ranks first in the world in the production of dates and the large amount of agricultural waste that results from it. Date palm fibers were identified as the raw material for the production of activated carbon fibers. The activated carbon fibers were chemically treated to increase their durability and practical efficiency through two basic processes. Practical experiments were carried out with the obtained activated carbon samples on contaminated oily water samples from the Baiji refinery in Salah al-Din Governorate. Different values of variables affecting the adsorption efficiency were determined (pH, stirring speed, carbon dose, contact time and temperature). Adsorption equilibrium was reached after 120 min at pH 6.0 with a stirring rate of 400 rpm at 70 °C. The results obtained showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of ACF-NC-LDH reached 99.32% and the removal efficiency of all pollutants reached 99.26% at 1g/300ml carbon dosage. The COD removal efficiency of PAC-NC-LDH was about 89.31%, and the total removal efficiency of all pollutants was 90.3% at 1g/300ml carbon dosage. The experimental results show agreement with linear, Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm models. The data were successfully fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model, suggesting pore diffusion control. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0, ΔG0, and ΔS0) were calculated, and showed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. The process resulted in increased disorder at the activated carbon/industrial wastewater interface. In particular, the adsorption effectively reduced the concentrations of several contaminants to minimal levels. To ensure the acceptability of the optimisation process, response surface methodology was applied to activated carbon fibers (ACF-NC-LDH) and powdered activated carbon (PAC-NC-LDH). According to the results obtained, it was demonstrated that the produced activated carbon fibers and powdered activated carbon could be safely used in adsorption processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater.