Endüstriyel ölçekli sürekli konteyner cam tavlama fırınının sayısal analizi

Annealing is a critical heat treatment process in container glass manufacturing, used to relieve residual stresses caused by rapid cooling during forming. This process takes place in continuous annealing furnaces, where glass is gradually heated to the annealing temperature and then cooled at a carefully controlled rate to avoid stress-induced defects. Given the transient nature of heat transfer in the furnace, precise adjustment of heating and cooling rates are essential. Numerical simulations offer a powerful tool to determine these parameters based on the geometry and thermal properties of the glass. This study presents a numerical investigation of the annealing process applied to a real container glass geometry inside a continuous annealing furnace. Furnace operating conditions were derived from actual measurements and applied as boundary conditions in the model.The simulation employs two coupled solvers: one resolves heat transfer in the furnace domain, while the other tracks the thermal behavior of moving glass objects on the conveyor belt. Radiative heat transfer is modeled using a Monte Carlo ray tracing-based surface-to-surface approach, capturing detailed radiation effects among 10,000 glass objects. Convective heat transfer to glass is modeled using a porosity-based method. Simulation results were validated against real furnace zone temperatures and glass exit temperatures. Finally, the effect of two different conveyor speeds on the temperature distribution of glass was analyzed, and the implications on process quality were discussed