Analysis of qirāʾāt (Variants of recitation) in "at-Tafsir al-Mazhari" (With reference to surat al-Fatiha, al-Baqara, and Ali İmran)

The science of recitation, which we can define as the literal differences in the words of the Holy Quran, is related to the sciences of tafsir, Arabic, jurisprudence, etc. It is obvious that this relationship is most related to the branch of tafsir in terms of the richness it brings to the dimension of meaning. It cannot be said that the recitation practices based on idgâm, sıla, imale, ihtilas, etc., which mostly arise from literal terennüm and dialect, cause differences in meaning in the verses of the Quran. On the contrary, it is said that the changes in the word forms evaluated in the section of literal readings have an effect on meaning. Different readings that affect the meaning are related to tafsir in this respect. It has been seen that commentators include recitations that enrich the meaning of the verses in their commentaries. One of the commentators who included recitations in his commentary is Mazhari (d. 1225/1810). This thesis briefly examines the life and works of Qadi Muhammad Senaullah Panipeti, one of the commentators of the Indian Subcontinent, and the differences in recitation in the Surahs al-Fatiha, al-Baqarah and Al-i-Imran in his most important work, Tafsir al-Mazhari. Qadi Senaullah did not mention all the differences in recitation in these surahs, but mentioned most of them with mutawatir recitations. However, he included narrations from the companions that can be considered as mudraj recitations in a small number of verses. The main aim of our study is to examine the Surahs Al-Fatiha, Al-Baqarah and Al-i Imran in terms of recitations, and to briefly introduce this work, which is not very well known today but is quite rich in terms of language, recitation, narration and jurisprudential information.