The comparison of F. Nietzsche and M. İkbal's understandi̇ng of human and education

Eventhough Nietzsche and Muhammed Ikbal live in different societies, they have similarities and differences in their world of thought. In this research, Nietzsche and Muhammed Ikbal's understanding of ideal person and education was compared. This study consists of three parts. In the first part, F.Nietzsche's understanding of human and education,In the second part, Ikbal's perception of human and education,in the third part both of the philosophers' understanding of human and education have been compared. At the end of the research,it was determined that both thinkers gave importance to human existence and mentioned similiar situaitions put forward on the issue of being ideal person.In this context, at the end of this work, it was also seen both of the philosophers' views of being ideal person resembled each other in many aspects. Moreover, it was taken attention to the differences between Nietzsche's superman and İkbal's perfect human being about ideal person.At this point, it was realized that both of them had different thoughts and beliefs. When it comes to education,both thinkers focus on the importance of culture during a person's education process.They are both convinced that it is the power of education that makes the individual aware of his/her own culture. In this way, they suggest significant opinions about this principal to be adopted for the continuousness of an indigenous generation. In this regard, Ikbal described education as a process which will strenghten an individual's self and viewed elementary age as the critical period of education. He stated that a child could develop faster by depending on existence and oneness of Allah and moral principles. His expectation of education is to grow up perfect human who will serve as a role model for community. However, Nietzsche stated that secondary school education is the critical period of education.The German philosopher pointed out that especially high schools are important bridges to pass higher education. He specified the most important duty belongs to educational institutions for growing up ideal person. Therefore, he charged and criticized educational institutions for destroying XIX.century German educational system. Furthermore, his expectation from education is to grow up superman who can adopt his/her mother tongue, culture and history. Key Words: Nietzsche, Ikbal, Nietzsche and Ikbal's Understanding of Human, Nietzsche's Understanding of Education, Ikbal's Understanding of Education