LC-HRMS, FTIR spectral analysis, investigation of antioxidant, antidiabetic and antityrosinase activities of elaeagnus umbellata fruit extracted with different solvents

Elaeagnus umbellata, belonging to the Elaeagnaceae family, is a genus of edible fruit known as autumn grape. Enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant capacities of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts prepared from the fruit of this plant were investigated. To investigate the antioxidant activity, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, total antioxidant capacity and metal chelating activity methods were used. Among the prepared extracts, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest phenolic (8.86 ± 0.27 mg GAE/g) and methanol extract showed the highest flavonoid content (1.63 ± 0.05 mg QE/g) activity. Additionally, the ethanol extract exhibited significant inhibition for tyrosinase (IC50, 0.07±0.00 mg/mL), while the ethyl acetate extract exhibited significant inhibition for α-amylase (IC50, 0.0003±0.0000 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50, 0.22±0.01 mg/mL). Phenolic contents of the extracts were characterized by LC-HRMS. The data obtained from the study show that Elaeagnus umbellata fruit may provide benefits as a natural agent for the pharmaceutical and food industries.