Energy, cost, and environmental impact analysis of insulation materials used in different wall types; a case study of Batman province

The development of technology, urbanization, and the increasing population are raising the demand for energy every day. In this context, not only the research of new and alternative energy sources but also the efficient use of energy is of great importance. In this study, under the climatic conditions of Batman province, the optimum insulation thicknesses, costs, payback periods, and environmental impact analyses were conducted using four different insulation materials, four different wall types (Brick, iso brick, pumice, and aerated concrete), and four different fuel types (Coal, Natural Gas, Fuel oil, and Electricity for cooling). The results were presented in the form of graphs and tables. When all values were examined for heating, the highest value at the optimum insulation thickness was calculated as 0.158 m using pumice-fuel oil-glass wool, while the lowest value was calculated as 0.020 m using iso brick-natural gas-stone wool. For cooling, the highest value was calculated as 0.039 m with the use of pumice-electric-glass wool, while the lowest value was calculated as 0.005 m with the use of iso-brick-electric-stone wool. Additionally, considering the effect of solar radiation, heating and cooling degree day numbers have been calculated, and based on this, the optimal insulation thickness and the variation of other parameters have been determined. Before insulation is applied, calculations can be made based on the location's climate data, the wall structure to be used, the type of fuel, and the type of insulation, allowing for the most suitable choice in terms of environment, cost, and energy. Keywords: Environmental impact, Payback period, Optimum insulation thickness, Insulation, Energy saving