Effect of different irrigation solutions on bioactivity

The aim of our study is to examine MTA and bioceramic based root canal sealer's bioactivity and interaction with different irrigation solutions. İn our study 66 caries free permanent single rooted human maxillary premolar and mandibular premolar teeth were used. The teeth were incubated in +4-degree saline solution with 100% moisture before study. The teeth were divided randomly 10 groups, each group had 6 (n=6) and control group (n=6). First off all teeth were separated about 4 mm low from enamel cement junction and about 4 mm above from root tip with diamond drill. Obtained roots, were enlarged and shaped with TF Adaptive NiTi root canal enstruments to ML3. Root cracks a were observed with Zeiss Eyemag 3.5x dental loop. And, standardization was made by Zeiss Eyemag 3.5x dental loop. Before and after instrumentation, teeth were observed under optic magnification for cracks and fracture lines. Root canals were irrigated with 5.25% 2.5 ml NaOCI solution in each file change. After preparation procedures, teeth were irrigated with 5.25% 2.5 ml NaOCI, saline solution, 17% 2.5 ml liquid EDTA, saline solution, 2% 2.5 ml CHX respectively. Residual solutions removed from teeth with distilled water. Teeth divided into 10 groups after washed with distilled water. Groups were on Table 1; Table 1. Groups whish contains final irrigation solutions and root filling materials GROUP FİNAL İRRİGATİON ROOT CANAL SEALER Grup 1 % 2'lik 2.5 ml CHX BC sealer Grup 2 % 2'lik 2.5 ml CHX MTA FİLLAPEX Grup 3 % 5'lik 2.5 ml NaOCI BC sealer Grup 4 % 5'lik 2.5 ml NaOCI MTA FİLLAPEX Grup 5 % 17'lik 2.5 ml EDTA BC Sealer Grup 6 % 17'lik 2.5 ml EDTA MTA FİLLAPEX Grup 7 Qmix 2.5 ml BC Sealer Grup 8 Qmix 2.5 ml MTA FİLLAPEX Grup 9 Distilled Water BC Sealer Grup 10 Distilled Water MTA FİLLAPEX After final irrigation root canals were not dried completely. Each tooth was dried with 2 #25 paper points for standardization. Mixed and injectable root filling material was applied into finally irrigated root canals. After root canal filling material was applied into canals, for the first setting time, teeth were incubated in 100% relative humidity for 24 hours. Afterwards, teeth were immersed in Eppendorf tubes (Eppendorf, Labosel, Türkiye) filled with phosphate buffered saline. Tubes were stored in room temperature for 14 days. In this period, phosphate buffered saline was replaced in seventh day. After 14 days, samples were removed from bottles and dried. Then sectioned roots were sectioned mesiodistal direction, through the centre of the canal filling and prepared for the analysis. And then root sections were mounted on aluminium stub. Then, elemental composition was analysed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS-EDX). Dentin material interface morphology was observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). Because of the statistical analysis, BC Sealer's Ca concentration was statistically superior to MTA Fillapex in the apical and the coronal subgroups when the effect of root canal sealers were compared among themselves. When effect of irrigants compared with each other, distilled water showed the highest values in terms of Ca concentration and the lowest values in % 17 of EDTA. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups, with the common effects of root canal sealers and irrigants showing no difference in Ca concentrations. There was no difference in Si concentrations between effect of root canal sealers compared each other. When the effect of irrigants was evaluated among themselves, no difference was observed in terms of Si concentration. When the common effect values of the groups were examined, there was no difference in terms of Si concentration. Per control groups, Ca and Si values were higher in all groups. SEM images shows hyroxyapatite-like occurences were observed in dentin tubules. Instead of scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis used in our study, it was thougt that further studies could be performed using different methods.