Investigation of the effects of different arbutus (Arbutus unedo L.) provenance on anti-microbial and probiotic bacteria

In this study; The effect of origin differences on antimicrobial and probiotic bacteria of strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) collected from some accessible provenances (BalıkesirBandırma, Bartın-Amasra, Kastamonu-Cide, Sinop-İnceburun and Zonguldak-Dirgine) during the fruit ripening period from the natural distribution area of strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) was investigated in this study. For this purpose, the separate antimicrobial activities of the extracts obtained from arbutus fruits collected according to origins on pathogenic bacteria called Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which are generally found in all environments, were investigated. When the results of one-way variance analysis were evaluated, it was determined that the extracts obtained from fruits collected from different origins of arbutus had different effects on the microbial activity caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. As a result of the statistical comparison, a statistically significant difference was determined at a 99% confidence level on the microbial effect caused by these bacteria among 5 different origins where the arbutus fruits were collected. In this respect, according to the findings obtained from the Ducan Range Test performed at a 95% confidence level to determine the homogeneous groups of strawberry provenances, according to the variable of bacterial viability rate (%) which is the most important variable used in determining the antimicrobial effect, 5 provenances where the arbutus fruits were collected were grouped into three groups at a 95% confidence level. Accordingly, Amasra and Cide provenances, which reduced the effects of Escherichia coli bacteria to the lowest levels of 29.72% and 28.94% viability rates, were in the first group, while Bandırma and İnceburun provenances were in the second group with 31.53% and 32.65% viability rates, and Dirgine provenance was in the last group with the highest bacterial viability rate of 36.81%. In the study, experiments were also carried out on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly found in culture environments. In order to determine whether the microbial effect caused by this bacterium differs in terms of origins, according to the results of one-way variance analysis performed on the raw data obtained in 3 repetitions in terms of the bacterial viability rate (%) variable, which is the most valid variable in this regard, the effect of the extracts of the arbutus fruits collected from different origins on the microbial activities of the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium in terms of the bacterial viability rate variable occurred at different levels in terms of statistical significance within the 99% confidence interval. In this context, as a result of the Ducan Range Test conducted to group the origins according to their effects on bacterial viability at a 95% confidence level, Amasra and Cide provenances, which reduced the effects of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to the lowest levels of 231.63% and 30.87% viability at a 95% confidence level, were in the first group, while Bandırma and İnceburun provenances were in the second group with 34.45% and 33.91% viability rates, and Dirgine provenance was in the last group with the highest bacterial viability rate of 37.52%. The second important aim and goal of this research is to reveal the difference in the effects of nutrient media obtained at different concentrations from arbutus fruits collected from different origins on probiotic bacteria. For this purpose, auto-aggregation and co-aggregation methods were used to measure bacterial aggregation activity. In the study, according to one-way analysis of variance performed between the nutrient media consisting of extracts obtained from strawberry fruits collected from different origins on the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria, a statistically significant difference was determined at the 95% confidence level. In this context, according to the Ducan Range Test applied at the 95% confidence level in order to determine the groups formed by different origins of arbutus fruits collected on the growth media and growth performance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria, in terms of growth performance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria; While Amasra origin was in the first group with 56.39%, Cide origin was in the first group with 55.27% and Bandırma provenance was in the second group with 53.86% growth performance, İnceburun provenance was in the second group with 49.73% and Dirgine provenance was in the second group with 45.98% growth performance.