An investigate on the presence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Listeria spp. in the eggs obtained from chickens grown under different conditions

In this research, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Listeria spp. positive/negative analysis were carried out in the eggs obtained from commercial cage, free and backyard breeding systems and aimed to obtain the differences of breeding systems. Analyses were performed for 6 months (December-May) and each month egg yolks and egg whites analysed separately. Each month, 100 egg samples and 50 stool samples were taken to represent the whole of the poultries. No reproduction were observed in PALCAM Agar and Oxford Agar media which used in Listeria spp. analyses however positive reproduction of this bacteria were observed in stool samples. Bacteria reproductions were observed in Brillant Green Agar and XLD Agar in the samples of backyard poultry eggs. Bacterial reproductions were also observed in the eggs obtained from free range poultry system. Bacteria reproductions were also observed in the samples from cage coops. Reproduction were observed in all samples however positive number of backyards farming had higher number comparing to other samples. This is showing the less microbial quality of backyard comparing to the free range and cage poltry systems. No bacterial reproductions were observed in Campylobacter agar which is used in Campylobacter spp. analyses but bacterial reproductions were observed in stool samples during all 6 month of the research. The cleaner eggs were obtained from cage system due to the structure of the cages and the dirtiest and stool contaminated eggs were obtained from backyard breeding system. Microbiologic dirtiness were clearly found in backyard egg production due to lacks in nest-box and poultry equipment systems and Professional nursery, feeding and hygienic conditions. It is found that, free range egg production system is in better conditions comparing to backyard egg production but not as professional as cage egg production therefore this method of egg production has a potential for risks. It is determined that cage system is found to be less riskly. Less dirty eggs were produced in cage egg production system but it is found that more measures may be taken to minimize the risk.