Investigation of pre-service science teachers' organic chemistry questions solving processes using eye tracking method

The aim of the study was to reveal the pre-service science teacher' organic chemistry questions solving processes using the eye-tracking method. The study used non-experimental quantitative research methods. Visual measurement results were supported by images of heat maps and eye splash movements. The study included 51 students studying in the second, third and fourth years of a state university's science education undergraduate program. The organic chemistry achievement test, eye tracking device, think-aloud protocols and organic chemistry anxiety scale were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data were analyzed using the SPSS package program. Data obtained from the eye-tracking device were analyzed using Gaze Viewer software. The first result of the study was that the cognitive load level of organic chemistry questions, the need for visual attention to correctly name the complex organic compound, the fact that the question contained unfamiliar terms, and the complexity of the premises and options were effective in the visual measurement results. The results revealed that visual measurement results differed according to their undergraduate chemistry scores, organic chemistry anxiety levels, and grade levels. Additionally, it was found that participants with higher organic chemistry test scores had more fixation and visits, and participants with higher organic chemistry anxiety had lower visual measurement results (duration of first fixation, number of fixations and average duration of visit). On the other hand, it was determined that total fixation duration had a significant predictive effect on the organic chemistry test scores of pre-service science teachers. It is recommended that future studies with large participation should comparatively investigate the organic chemistry question solving behaviors of undergraduate students taking organic chemistry courses in different faculties of universities using the eye-tracking method.