Determination of the effect of physical conditions used in the production of fibroin based tissue scaffolds on the formed structure

Silk fibroin is a natural structure biopolymer and is preferred as a biomaterial in tissue engineering studies since it has a natural wound healing effect besides biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioinertivity. Fibroin structure shows an amphoteric due to antiparallel chains. Exposure of fibroin to different temperature and pressure levels at different times influences the protein complexes in the structure in different ways. These changes affect the concentration, porosity, mechanical strength, physical and chemical properties of tissue scaffolds obtained by fibroin. In the thesis study, by taking into consideration the amphoteric structure of silk fibroin, the different scales of pressure and temperature were used in different pH values. The scaffolds were produced and their effects on the physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility of the obtained structures were investigated with various analyzes. Biocompatibility analyzes were performed qualitatively and quantitatively by using MTT reagent by using bone marrow mezenkial stem cells. As a result, it was determined that the scaffolds produced by different methods have biocompatible properties and some scaffolds have biodegradation time to support tissue regeneration. It has been found that there are different morphologies depending on the production methods of scaffolds by SEM and light microscopy, and there are significant differences in total surface area and porosity with mercury porosimeter measurements. FTIR spectroscopy examination showed that no specific peaks were observed as a result of pH changes, temperature and pressure effects. Due to its amphoteric structure due to the production of thermogravimetric properties of scaffolds, which are determined to be not changed significantly according to production and pH changes, it has been determined that intra-molecule cross-linking occurs without the need of crosslinkers due to their ampHoteric structure. This result will serve to a higher regenerative capacity in the formation of new tissues with higher biocompatibility in tissue engineering of prepared scaffolds.