IoT based monitoring of power paremeters in fotovoltaics panels and cooling system design for performance analysis

It is a promising technology because energy production from photovoltaic (PV) panels is low-support, sustainable and damages can be stored. Solar energy is the most preferred energy for electricity generation. Photovoltaic cells can easily convert solar energy into electrical energy. In addition, photovoltaic efficiency can be used to produce electricity at the highest rate from the light energy of solar cells. Today, the most important problem in converting existing electrical energy production into energy sources is the low performance of PV panels. There are many parameters such as the internal dynamics of the material used in panel production and the factorial photovoltaic output efficiency. Especially in summer months, as panel temperatures increase, the efficiency of the panels may decrease. Internet of things (IoT) is the ability of internet-connected devices to communicate with each other through sensors. IoT refers to the system or ecosystem in which devices connect to the internet in real time. The biggest challenge in PV systems is to study their performance, which varies according to various parameters and operating system components. The performance of photovoltaic panels depends on the current, voltage and power values being at appropriate levels. However, temperature values prevent reaching these performance values. Therefore, real-time monitoring system is needed to evaluate its performance. An IoT-based application can monitor the temperature and power parameters of the solar panel anytime and anywhere. In this way, it enables instantaneous monitoring and recording of data received from devices. In this way, remote maintenance of the panels can be planned and malfunctions can be seen. With this technology, data can be received over the network, analyzed and the system can be controlled. Within the scope of this thesis, the internet of things will be used to instantly monitor the current, voltage and power parameters in photovoltaic panels remotely from a device connected to the internet. The data received from the PV panel will be instantly evaluated in the cloud and the prepared hardware will operate the cooling fan to provide the panel temperature that provides optimum performance determined from the literature. Thus, it is aimed to increase efficiency by cooling the panel to optimum values. The aim of the presented thesis is to instantly monitor the current, voltage and power values occurring in the PV panel and to ensure that the PV panel operates at its highest performance by cooling the panel with the increase in temperature. In the study, the data of the PV panel received from the sensors was recorded in the IoT application. Uncooled and active cooling data of PV panels were taken from the cloud application. The data received was analyzed and their performance was examined. In the findings obtained, when the system with and without cooling was compared, a 4.7% performance increase was detected in the system with cooling.