Freedom of religion and belief in Beytulmakdis

Today, there are scholars who argue that the concept of human rights has come to an end and has been eviscerated, while there are also those who argue that the concept of human rights is in constant development and still has the potential to produce solutions to the problems in this field. The author of this research, which was prepared within the discipline of international relations, has conducted a research limited to freedom of religion and conscience as a jurist and with the support of human rights theory. Undoubtedly, the dynamics of international relations and the dynamics of law are different. However, since the subject focuses on the extent to which international relations mechanisms can produce solutions in the exercise and protection of a fundamental right, the information obtained was interpreted at the intersection of the two fields of science. People need international conventions and organizations for more effective protection of fundamental rights, given their founding objectives. Freedom of religion and conscience, which has an important place under the umbrella of human rights, has presented different views throughout the world in the last century. Starting from the premise that human rights should be universally recognized and protected and following the deductive method, this study firstly examines the concept and development of human rights and secondly the scope and components of freedom of religion and conscience. The main research question of this study, on the other hand, focuses on what has happened from the past to the present with regard to freedom of religion and conscience in the land of Beytulmakdis (Islamicjerusalem), with its people consisting of Jewish, Christian and Muslim individuals. With its ancient history and historical background, this region, which is sacred to the members of three religions and strategically located, has gone through very turbulent times. Historical sources confirm that this region was peaceful when it was governed by Muslim rulers. However, despite all the mechanisms of international law, it is a fact that even the most basic human rights such as the right to life, right to liberty and security have been repeatedly violated in these occupied territories in the last hundred years. Within the scope of this research, it has been evaluated that the mechanisms that exist for the protection of fundamental rights at the regional level have not yet been able to provide a solution to the voice rising from these occupied territories in the field of freedom of religion and belief. Every human being in the world is precious, has fundamental rights and freedoms, and it is the responsibility of all human beings to protect and uphold these rights. As a result of this research, it is suggested that international law and international protection mechanisms should work more effectively in order for this region, where people of different faiths have the experience of living together in peace, to regain the peaceful atmosphere of the historical good days.