Fritz Neumark's life and economic views

Fritz Neumark, a German scholar who lived between 1900 and 1991, gained international recognition particularly in the fields of economic science and policy. Due to his Jewish identity, he faced difficulties and restrictions during the Hitler era, prompting him to immigrate to Turkey in 1933. In 1936, he contributed to the establishment of the Faculty of Economics at Istanbul University. He served as a Professor of Political Economy at Istanbul University, where he mentored numerous scholars in the field, including names like Prof. Dr. Sabri Ülgener, Prof. Dr. Orhan Dikmen, Prof. Dr. Sabahattin Zaim, Prof. Dr. Gülten Kazgan, Prof. Dr. Memduh Yaşa, and Prof. Dr. Osman Okyar. Additionally, he is known for his role in drafting the Turkish Income Tax Law. After the end of World War II, Neumark received an invitation from Frankfurt University in 1949, and he permanently returned to Germany in 1952. He served as the rector of Frankfurt University in the academic years 1954/55 and 1961/62. In 1969, he participated in the Fiscal Reform Commission and held presidencies in the Social Advisory Council and the Tax and Finance Committee of the European Economic Community. Moreover, he served as the president of the Central Bank in Hessen, the International Institute of Public Finance, and the Social Policies Association. Despite the considerable time that has passed since his death, Neumark's name continues to be prominent due to his contributions to the field of economics, his writings, and his influential roles in political advisory positions. The purpose of this study is to shed light on Fritz Neumark's life and contributions to economic science. The paper provides a general overview of Neumark's life, his academic journey, his years in Turkey, and his contributions to the field of economics in Turkey. Furthermore, it examines his return to Frankfurt, his views on fiscal policies such as Inflation Theory, Budget, Tax, and his impact on political and economic circles. Given the scarcity of Turkish sources on Fritz Neumark's life and economic views, this study holds particular significance.