The effect of smoking plasenta, pregnancy self-efficiency and newborn measurements in pregnancy

Purpose: Examination of the effect of smoking on pregnancy on placenta, breastfeeding self-efficacy and newborn measurements. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in March- May 2018 with 70 women (35 smoker, 35 non-smoker) who applied to Delivery section of Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, for childbearing and gave spontaneous vaginal delivery. In order to obtain data, "Sociodemographic Survey Form", "Postpartum Breast-feeding Self-Efficacy Scale" (PBSES)", "Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence" were used. Sections were taken from placenta tissues and histopathologically examined. Breastfeeding status of both groups were evaluated. Findings: It was determined that there is no significant difference between the sociodemographic particulars of both groups that are variables of the age, educational status, social security, number of pregnancy, parity, number of children alive, planned pregnancy and the status of regularity of the follow-ups, and postpartum breast-feeding self-efficacy scale median points (p>0,05). It was determined that there was a significant difference between the variables of the birth weight of the baby, birth height, head circumference, the first nursing time of the baby after the birth and the present nursing situation of the baby (p<0,05). It was determined that there was a significant difference between the Hematoxylin Eosin pathological symptoms of the smoking and non-smoking pregnant women (p<0,05). Results: We determined that smoking reduces the weight of placenta, causes negative changes in the histology of placenta. We detected that smoking negatively affected the first nursing time of the baby, and did not have significant affect on the self-efficacy. We reached the conclusion that smoking negatively affected the measurements of birth weight, birth height, head circumference. We did not reach any negative result in 1. and 5. minutes apgar scores. Key Words: smoking, pregnancy, placenta, newborn, breastfeeding self-efficacy.