Reviewing current restrictions in airspaces where general and operational air traffic takes place and designing approach procedures in accordance with the constraints

The ever-increasing demand in the aviation industry also increases air traffic. Despite the increase in air traffic, it is necessary to meet the current demand in a way that saves fuel and time without compromising aviation safety. In this regard, regulations are needed to ensure that the flight route is effective and efficient due to obstacles affecting the flight, prohibited/restricted/dangerous areas, and interactions created by other flights. Flight route arrangements are made with previously prepared and published procedures to ensure safe flight within the framework of international rules, eliminate human errors, and reduce the workload. Many factors, such as the fact that different types of aircraft perform various tasks in busy airspaces with more than one airport, geographical conditions, and restrictions on flights in densely populated areas, do not make it possible to apply the most appropriate procedure for aircraft. However, with the help of developing technology, Performance Based Navigation (PBN) applications provide great convenience to the pilot and air traffic controller in such situations and ensure safe, effective, and efficient flight. In this study, a Standard Arrival Route (STAR) has been proposed and designed for Etimesgut airfield, located in the Ankara Terminal Control Area (TMA), where intense air traffic activity is conducted under many existing constraints. The advantages and disadvantages obtained with the designed STAR have been examined.