Retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of low dose laser and concentrated growth factor on pain, edema, trismus and wound healing after impacted wisdom tooth surgery

Postoperative complications that reduce the quality of life of patients can be seen after impacted wisdom tooth surgery, which is one of the most common procedures performed in Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery. Studies have shown the positive effects of blood concentrations and low-dose laser applications applied to the extraction socket. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in the effectiveness of low dose laser and concentrated growth factor applications on pain, edema, trismus and wound healing after extraction of impacted wisdom teeth. In our study, the records of 34 systemically healthy patients aged 18-45 years who applied to Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Maxillofacial Surgery between January 2022 and January 2023 and underwent low-dose laser and CGF after extraction of impacted wisdom teeth were analyzed. Low dose laser application was performed intraorally with InGaAsP laser at 940 nm wavelength in continuous mode with 10 J and 0.5 W per cm² at a single time, for 90 s in total and with a total energy of 30 J in equal time from buccal, lingual and occlusal surfaces. CGF was applied locally to the extraction socket and the area was closed primary. In our study, VAS was used to evaluate pain on postoperative days 2 and 7. In order to evaluate edema, the distances between tragus and corner of the mouth, tragus and pogonion, and lateral eye corner and mandible were measured with the help of a flexible ruler in all patients on preoperative and postoperative days 2 and 7. For trismus measurement, the maximum distance between the central teeth measured preoperatively, postoperative day 2 and postoperative day 7 was measured. Wound healing was evaluated with Landry wound healing index on the 2nd and 7th postoperative day. The results were evaluated statistically. In our study, no significant difference was found when the efficacy of low dose laser and KBF applications on pain, edema and wound healing were evaluated statistically. Regarding the efficacy on trismus, only on the 7th day, the effect of KBF on trismus was found to be significantly better than low dose laser application.