The first traces of settlement in Southern Anatolia

It is known that Anatolia is one of the most sufficient places for human life in terms of geographical factors. Because of appropriate climate, lots of water sources, Anatolia is suitable place for settlement.Mediterranean Region is the same situation. In the Mediterranean Region, many caves in which people lived were found. In the researches it had been found out that 12 caves didn't live in Prehistoric Period in sequence. After Palaeolithic and Epipalaeolithic Period, Neolithic Period which is very important for humanity began. There are 39 settlements in Adana in Mediterranean Region belonging to this Period. In those settlements, after people left from caves, they began to settle in large planes and water edges, cultivate, domesticate animals and make pottery. Chalcolithic Period which was lived after Neolithic Period is also called "Forward Producer Period". In that Period, mine was found and people started to use for making copper jewellery and gun. There are 43 settlement places belonging to this Period in South Anatolia. Keywords: Mediterranean, Prehistory, South Anatolia, Paleolithic, Epipaleolithic/Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic.