Privatization of the security: Private military companies in the security of the future

The structural transformation in the world economy entered a new phase with the collapse of the Keynesian - State Interventionist economic model in the 1970s and its replacement by the Neo-Liberal Economic Model. The new economic model has been aimed at minimizing government intervention in the market and transferring bulky and loss-making state enterprises units to profit-oriented private enterprises wherever possible. In this context, countries that adopt the Neo-Liberal Economic Model as a new model. They have made privatizations in almost every field, including strategic facilities and structures such as communication infrastructures, energy facilities, ports and airports. The profit of the countries from the privatizations and the positive change in the cost-profit, cost-benefit ratios of the privatized sectors brought the privatization of other critical and strategic areas to the agenda. At this stage, the privatization of security, which is one of the most costly items of state expenditures, especially foreign security units, came to mind. As a result of this; the main purpose of this thesis is to examine private military companies in the light of the possibility and reality that security can be privatized, and to analyze the general organizational models and fields of activity of these formations, which are contrary to current international law norms. In this context, it is useful to examine the structural changes that trigger the thought of security as a privatable concept and prepare the way for this process. Undoubtedly, the phenomenon of privatization in general and the thought of security as an area, in particular, is a process that started with the change in the basic structure and norms in the world economy. For this reason, in the first part of the study, the definition of the new economic model adopted globally after 1970 and the examination of its basic principles will be introduced from a general perspective. However, the main subject of this study is private military companies, which are the main actors of privatized security. Therefore, in the second part of the study, the privatization of the concept of security and its reflections in the nation-state model will be examined. Then, private military companies, which are the product of the need for foreign operation units, and operative groups that can be used in activities that can be described as 'dark operations' in cross-border geographies and leave no footprints, and the examples of these companies (that are more needed by states today) in different countries will be examined. In the last part, in the context of privatization of security, the roles of private military companies in the security of the future, possible fields of activity, and the possibility of the emergence of new subcontracted units in the fields of internal and external security will be evaluated as a result of the needs for such units.